卸载已有的 nginx
find -name nginx./nginx./nginx/sbin/nginx./nginx-1.2.6/objs/nginxyum remove nginx
预先安装软件
yum install gcc-c++yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl--devel pcre pcre-devel
安装 nginx
cd /usr/localtar -zxv -f nginx-1.2.6.tar.gzrm -rf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gzmv nginx-1.2.6 nginxcd /usr/local/nginx#设置安装位置，可以自己定义#文件夹出现位置是在 make, make install 之后才出现的，添加http检测模块./configure --prefix=/data/software/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module#安装make && make install
#出现问题解决
#安装报错：#时候，我们需要单独安装nginx，来处理大量的下载请求。#单独在Centos5安装nginx遇到的rewrite和HTTP cache错误解决办法：wget nginx.org/download/nginx-0.8.33.tar.gztar -zxvf nginx-0.8.33.tar.gz cd nginx-0.8.33./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx#安装Nginx时报错./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.#安装pcre-devel解决问题yum -y install pcre-devel#错误提示：./configure: error: the HTTP cache module requires md5 functionsfrom OpenSSL library. You can either disable the module by using--without-http-cache option, or install the OpenSSL library into the system,or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source with nginx by using--with-http_ssl_module --with-openssl=options.#解决办法：yum -y install openssl openssl-devel#总结：yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
配置防火墙
#修改防火墙配置： [root@admin nginx-1.2.6]# vi + /etc/sysconfig/iptables#添加配置项 -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT#重启防火墙 [root@admin nginx-1.2.6]# service iptables restart
启动和停止nginx
#方法1/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf#方法2cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin./nginx
停止
#查询nginx主进程号 ps -ef | grep nginx#停止进程 kill -QUIT 主进程号 #快速停止 kill -TERM 主进程号 #强制停止 pkill -9 nginx
重启
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
测试
#端口测试 netstat –na|grep 80#浏览器中测试 ip:80
常见例子->访问静态文件
user nginx nginx;worker_processes 8;worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000;worker_rlimit_nofile 65536;#error_log logs/error.log;#error_log logs/error.log notice;#error_log logs/error.log info;#pid logs/nginx.pid;events { worker_connections 65536;}http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr [$time_local] $upstream_addr $upstream_status $upstream_response_time "$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"'; log_format cachelog '$time_local - $upstream_cache_status - Cache-Control:$upstream_http_cache_control - $request($status) - '; access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; proxy_ignore_client_abort on; keepalive_timeout 65; #keepalive_timeout 1000; charset utf-8; gzip on; gzip_min_length 10k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript text/css application/xml application/octet-stream; gzip_vary on; server { #被监听的端口号和网址 listen 80; server_name test; #charset koi8-r; access_log logs/test_access.log main; location / { #这个地方指定被访问的文件夹位置 root /data/test; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|css|js)$ { root /data/test; expires 30d; } } #location ~ /purge(/.*){ # allow 192.168.0.0/16; # deny all; # proxy_cache_purge resource $host$1$is_args$args; #} }常见例子->一个负载均衡例子
user nginx nginx;worker_processes 8;worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000;worker_rlimit_nofile 65536;#error_log logs/error.log;#error_log logs/error.log notice;#error_log logs/error.log info;#pid logs/nginx.pid;events { worker_connections 65536;}http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream;# log_format 日志格式 log_format main '$remote_addr [$time_local] $upstream_addr $upstream_status $upstream_response_time "$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"'; log_format cachelog '$time_local - $upstream_cache_status - Cache-Control:$upstream_http_cache_control - $request($status) - '; access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; proxy_ignore_client_abort on; keepalive_timeout 65; #keepalive_timeout 1000; charset utf-8; gzip on; gzip_min_length 10k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript text/css application/xml application/octet-stream; gzip_vary on; upstream balance{ server 192.168.21.77:8080; } server { listen 80; server_name website; #charset koi8-r; access_log logs/website.log main; #request proxy server location / { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; #这里设置代理的位置 proxy_pass balance; proxy_redirect default; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } location /nginx_status{ stub_status on; access_log off;#指定全局的 log 是否打开 allow all; # deny all; } }}13. 常见例子->多个负载均衡，多个服务，多个端口
user nginx nginx;worker_processes 8;worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000;worker_rlimit_nofile 65536;#error_log logs/error.log;#error_log logs/error.log notice;#error_log logs/error.log info;#pid logs/nginx.pid;events { worker_connections 65536;}http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr [$time_local] $upstream_addr $upstream_status $upstream_response_time "$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"'; log_format cachelog '$time_local - $upstream_cache_status - Cache-Control:$upstream_http_cache_control - $request($status) - '; #全局日志记录记录的位置及日志格式 access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; proxy_ignore_client_abort on; keepalive_timeout 65; #keepalive_timeout 1000; charset utf-8; gzip on; gzip_min_length 10k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript text/css application/xml application/octet-stream; gzip_vary on;#负载均衡示例 1 upstream balance1{ server 192.168.21.76:8093 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; }#负载均衡示例 2 upstream balance2{ server 192.168.21.76:8070; server 192.168.21.76:8071 down; }#负载均衡示例 3 upstream balance3{ server 192.168.21.76:8080 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; }#web 服务 1 server { listen 80; server_name website1; #charset koi8-r;#当前 web 服务的日志 位置、格式 access_log logs/404_access.log main; #request proxy server location / { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass balance1; proxy_redirect default; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } location /nginx_status{ stub_status on; access_log off;#指定全局的 access_log 是否打开 allow all; # deny all; } } server { listen 80; server_name website2; #charset koi8-r;# access_log logs/website2.log main; #request proxy server location / { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass balance3; proxy_redirect default; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } location /nginx_status{ stub_status on; access_log off; allow all; # deny all; } } server { listen 80; server_name website3; #charset koi8-r; access_log logs/website3.log main; #request proxy server location / { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass balance1; proxy_redirect default; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } location /nginx_status{ stub_status on; access_log off; allow all; # deny all; } } server { listen 8060; server_name 192.168.1.111; #charset koi8-r; access_log logs/website4.log main; #request proxy server location / { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass balance2; proxy_redirect default; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } location /nginx_status{ stub_status on; access_log off; allow all; # deny all; } }}同一个域名下的不同 url 指向不同应用
worker_processes 1;#error_log logs/error.log;#error_log logs/error.log notice;#error_log logs/error.log info;#pid logs/nginx.pid;events { worker_connections 1024;}http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream;# log_format 日志格式 log_format main '$remote_addr [$time_local] $upstream_addr $upstream_status $upstream_response_time "$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"'; log_format cachelog '$time_local - $upstream_cache_status - Cache-Control:$upstream_http_cache_control - $request($status) - '; access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; proxy_ignore_client_abort on; keepalive_timeout 65; #keepalive_timeout 1000; charset utf-8; gzip on; gzip_min_length 10k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript text/css application/xml application/octet-stream; gzip_vary on; upstream tomcat-cfhd-admin { ip_hash; server 192.168.87.105:8081; server 192.168.87.104:8081; } upstream tomcat-cfhd-service { server 192.168.87.105:8082; server 192.168.87.104:8082; } server { listen 80; #server_name 203.158.23.152; server_name test.ync365; #charset koi8-r; access_log logs/hd.access.log main; #request proxy server #test.ync365/cfhd-admin #上面的请求将会由 tomcat-cfhd-admin 处理 #****需要注意的是***** #tomcat-cfhd-admin 所指向的那个tomcat里面所部署的war文件的名称需要固定为 #cfhd-admin.war #因为代理的域名指向了指定了 upstream 下面的 /cfhd-admin，所以那个工程的 war名称必须的跟他一致才能找到 location /cfhd-admin { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass tomcat-cfhd-admin; proxy_redirect default; client_max_body_size 50m; } #test.ync365/cfhd-service #上面的请求将会由 tomcat-cfhd-service 处理 #****需要注意的是***** #tomcat-cfhd-service 所指向的那个tomcat里面所部署的war文件的名称需要固定为 #cfhd-service.war #因为代理的域名指向了指定了 upstream 下面的 /cfhd-service，所以那个工程的 war名称必须的跟他一致才能找到 location /cfhd-service { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass tomcat-cfhd-service; proxy_redirect default; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } location /nginx_status{ stub_status on; access_log off;#指定全局的 log 是否打开 allow all; # deny all; } }}nginx可以实现的效果
（1）可以指定多个端口。
（2）一个负载均衡可以被多个服务名访问。
（3）一个端口可以被多个服务监听。
（4）一个负载均衡可以配置多个 tomcat 服务。